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Independent minyan is a term that describes a number of lay-led Jewish worship and study communities that have developed independently of established denominational and synagogue structures within the organized Jewish community. Some began in the late 1990s and most since the year 2000,〔(Speech by Elie Kaunfer, Nov. 9, 2009, at the Alliance for Continuing Rabbinic Education (ACRE). )〕 though some are several decades older.〔http://www.newtoncentreminyan.org/〕 These new groups often combine a commitment to halakha/Jewish law with egalitarianism, and strive to create worship services where traditional prayer can become "spiritual experiences."〔 The name, minyan, comes from the Hebrew word (מנין) for the prayer quorum traditionally required for a full Jewish prayer service. ==Independent minyan phenomenon== Scholars of religion are looking very closely at the development of these lay-led congregations, most of which are held in locations other than synagogues, although some use synagogue space while maintaining separate leadership and organizational structures. Some synagogue and Jewish community leaders take a negative position on this development, seeing the new groups as a threat to conventional synagogue and Jewish community organization.〔("Challenging Tradition, Young Jews Worship on Their Terms," New York Times, Nov 28, 2007. )〕 On the other hand, there are those who view the trend as extremely positive, and one that will ultimately lead to new approaches to religion and spirituality within the modern Jewish community: a "triumphant story of day-school education and egalitarianism."〔(Jack Wertheimer, "Vital Signs: A Minyan Grows in Washington, D.C.," ''Jewish Ideas Daily,'' April 29, 2010. )〕 Jack Wertheimer, a Professor of Jewish History at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America has written that: For some who take a longer view, the independent minyanim seem reminiscent of the Havurah movement of the 1970s, when numbers of young American Jews rejected the suburban synagogues of their parents in favor of small-group gatherings for study, prayer, and community. Commenting on the parallels between then and now, the scholar Riv-Ellen Prell has also underscored the differences. One salient difference is today's higher level of Jewish and Hebrew fluency, itself a testament to the organized community's investment in intensive Jewish education over the past two decades. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Independent minyan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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